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Demonstrative Pronouns

The two forms introduced here are se and þes. They correspond with the Modern English words 'the', 'that', and 'this'. se is a definite article, meaning the same as Modern English 'the' or 'that' (except that there is no concept of a difference between our 'the' and 'that'). þes corresponds well to 'this'. Although 'the' does not change in Modern English according to its use (eg: The man gives the dogs to the child), 'that' does (eg: That man gives those dogs to them). It should not be surprising that the form of se changes as well. Note that the plural form for both se and þes is common to all genders and is listed in the right-hand column of the tables below; the other columns are all singular forms.


Demonstrative Pronoun
MasculineNeuterFemininePlural
Nominative þæt séo/s&iacuteo þá
Accusative þone þæt þá þá
Genitive þæs þæs þære þára
Dative þæm/þam þæm/þam þære þæm/þam


Demonstrative Pronoun þes
þesMasculineNeuterFemininePlural
Nominative þes þis þeos þás
Accusative þisne þis þás þás
Genitive þisses þisses þisse þissa
Dative þissum þissum þisse þissum


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