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E06586: The Latin Gelasian Sacramentary (or Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae), probably compiled around 750 near Paris using earlier material from Rome, records prayers to saints on their feast days in June.

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posted on 2018-09-24, 00:00 authored by Bryan
Gelasian Sacramentary 2.20-32

Below are the entries from the Sacramentary that relate to the feasts of saints; other entries, to feasts of the Christian year that were not for saints, are not included in our database.

IV Non. Iunias in natali sanctorum Petri et Marcellini.
'2 June on the feast of the saints Petrus and Marcellinus.'
[*Marcellinus and Petrus, priest and exorcist, martyrs of Rome, S00577]
Three prayers listed

Pridie Id. Iunias item in [natali] sanctorum Cyrini Naboris et Nazari.
'12 June likewise on the [feast] of the saints Cyrinus, Nabor and Nazarius.'
[possibly *Quirinus, bishop and martyr of Siscia in Dalmatia, S00614*, or one of the martyrs of Rome named *Cyrinus/Quirinus, S01225, S01551; *Nabor, soldier and martyr, buried in Milan, S00609; *Nazarius, martyr of Milan, S00281]
Three prayers listed

XVII Kal. Iulias in natali sancti Viti.
'15 June on the feast of saint Vitus.'
[*Vitus, martyr of Lucania and Rome, S00599]
Three prayers listed

XIV Kal. Iulias in natali sanctorum Marci et Marcelliani.
'18 June on the feast of the saints Marcus and Marcellianus.'
[*Marcus and Marcellianus, twin brothers, deacons and martyrs of Rome, S01401]
Three prayers listed

XIV Kal. Iulias in vigil. sanctorum martyrum Gerbasi et Protasi.
'18 June on the vigil of the holy martyrs Gervasius and Protasus.'
[*Gervasius and Protasius, martyrs of Milan, S00313]
Three prayers listed

XIII Kal. Iulias item in natali ut supra.
'19 June likewise on the feast as above.'
Three prayers listed

IX Kal. Iulias in vigilia sancti Ioannis Baptistae.
'23 June on the vigil of saint John the Baptist.'
[*John the Baptist, S00020]
Three prayers listed

Item in natali unde supra.
'Likewise on the feast about whom above.'
Four prayers listed

VII Kal. Iulias in vigilia martyrum Ioannis et Pauli.
'25 June on the vigil of the martyrs Iohannes and Paulus.'
[*Iohannes and Paulus, brothers and eunuchs, martyrs of Rome under the emperor Julian, S00384]

IV Kal. Iulias item in natali eorumdem.
'28 June likewise on the feast of the same saints.'
Three prayers listed

IV Kal. Iulias in vigilia apostolorum Petri et Pauli.
'28 June on the vigil of the apostles Peter and Paul.'
Possibly the 29 June (III Kal.), as the manuscripts don't agree.
[*Peter the Apostle, S00036; *Paul, the Apostle, S00008]
Three prayers listed

III Kal. Iulias in natali sancti Petri proprie.
'29 June on saint Peter's own feast'
Three prayers listed

III Kal. Iulias in natali apostolorum Petri et Pauli.
'29 June on the feast of the apostles Peter and Paul.'
Five prayers listed

III Kal. Iulias item in natali sancti Pauli proprie.
'29 June likewise on saint Paul's own feast.'
Three prayers listed

Text: Wilson 1894. Translation: P. Polcar.

History

Evidence ID

E06586

Saint Name

Marcellinus and Peter, priest and exorcist, martyrs of Rome : S00577 Nazarius and Celsus, companion martyrs of Milan : S00281 Nabor and Felix, soldiers and martyrs, buried in Milan : S00609 Vitus, martyr in Lucania (Southern Italy), c. 303-305 : S

Saint Name in Source

Marcellinus, Petrus Nazarius Nabor Vitus Marcellianus, Marcus Gerbasius et Protasius Ioannes Baptista Ioannes et Paulus Peter Paulus Cyrinus Cyrinus Cyrinus Cyrinus

Type of Evidence

Liturgical texts - Sacramentaries

Language

  • Latin

Evidence not before

628

Evidence not after

750

Activity not before

628

Activity not after

750

Place of Evidence - Region

Gaul and Frankish kingdoms Rome and region

Place of Evidence - City, village, etc

Paris Rome

Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)

Paris Tours Tours Toronica urbs Prisciniacensim vicus Pressigny Turonorum civitas Ceratensis vicus Céré Rome Rome Rome Roma Ῥώμη Rhōmē

Major author/Major anonymous work

Sacramentarium Gelasianum

Cult activities - Liturgical Activity

  • Service for the Saint

Cult activities - Festivals

  • Saint’s feast

Source

The 'Gelasian Sacramentary' (Sacramentarium Gelasianum) is a compilation of liturgical texts, mostly prayers, for use in church celebrations such as the Eucharist, the administration of sacraments, or other liturgical events. It is the second oldest extant liturgical book in the West, the oldest being the 'Verona Sacramentary' (Sacramentarium Veronense). It has been preserved in one manuscript, now divided into two parts: the Codex Vaticanus Reginensis Latinus 316, and the Codex Latinus 7193 of the Bibliotèque Nationale in Paris. The Gelasian Sacramentary is preserved in a Frankish version, copied in c. 750; it must have been used in contemporary Francia (for nobody would copy liturgy if they did not intend to put it to use). The core of the Sacramentary is, however, undoubtedly of Roman origin for use in the area of Rome, as is evident from the inclusion of so many saints from the city and from the regions around it (some of them not particularly well known). The composition of these core texts can be dated between 628 and 715 (Vogel 1986, 69). This substratum is also a mixture of various sources. At some point before the pontificate of Gregory II (715-731), this early version of the sacramentary was brought to Gaul, where prayers were added for certain celebrations, such as for the consecration of virgins, the dedication of churches, and the blessing of holy water.

Discussion

These saints are all readily identifiable, except the 'Cyrinus' of 12 June. He may be Quirinus, bishop and martyr of Siscia, who, of the various saints called Cyrinus/Quirinus, is probably the most prominent (largely because he was the subject of one of Prudentius' poems in the Crown of Martyrs (E00933). However, given the Roman origin of the core of the Sacramentary, one of the several martyrs of Rome named 'Cyrinus' is also possible, the best documented being the Cyrinus buried in the cemetery of Praetextatus on the via Appia (S01225).

Bibliography

Edition: Wilson, H.A., Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae, (Oxford, 1894). Further Reading: Vogel, C., Medieval Liturgy: An Introduction to the Sources, (Washington, 1986), 61-76.

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    Evidence -  The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity

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