E06521: Jerome describes how Paula travelled through Palestine in 385 and visited the tree in Jericho of *Zacchaeus (tax collector of Jericho, S02481); Letter 108, written in Latin in Bethlehem (Palestine), 404.

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posted on 2018-09-17, 00:00 authored by Philip

Jerome of Stridon, Letter 108.12 ('Epitaphium Sanctae Paulae')

Et arborem morum Zacchei, id est bona paenitentiae opera quibus cruenta dudum et noxia rapinis peccata calcabat excelsumque dominum de excelso virtutum intuebatur.

'She saw Zaccheus' sycamore tree, which signifies the good works wrought by repentance whereby he trampled uderfoot his former sins of bloodshed and thievery and stared down at the Most High Lord from the lofty height of virtue.'

Text: Hilberg 1996 (1912). Translation: Cain 2013.

History

Evidence ID

E06521

Saint Name

Zacchaeus, tax collector of Jericho : S02481

Saint Name in Source

Zaccheus

Related Saint Records

https://oxford.figshare.com/articles/Zacchaeus_tax_collector_of_Jericho/13736086

Type of Evidence

Literary - Letters

Language

Latin

Evidence not before

404

Evidence not after

404

Activity not before

385

Activity not after

386

Place of Evidence - Region

Palestine with Sinai

Place of Evidence - City, village, etc

Bethlehem

Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)

Bethlehem Caesarea Maritima Καισάρεια Kaisareia Caesarea Kayseri Turris Stratonis

Major author/Major anonymous work

Jerome of Stridon

Cult activities - Places

Other (mountain, wood, tree, pillar)

Cult Activities - Protagonists in Cult and Narratives

Women

Source

In the second half of 404 Jerome composed an Epitaph for his late friend and patron, Paula, which was transmitted to us as letter 108. The work depicts Paula as an example for ascetic women and bears features of hagiography. Paula died on 26 January 404 in Bethlehem. She was the descendant of a Roman aristocratic family, who traced their lineage back to the Gracchi and Scipiones. She was dedicated to the western ascetic movement and had spent more than twenty years by the side of Jerome of Stridon, whom she had followed with her daughter Eustochium to the Holy Land in 385, where they founded a monastery and a convent in Bethlehem. Paula was not only Jerome's most faithful companion, but also his biggest sponsor. Jerome's Letter 108.8-13 describes Paula's pilgrimage through the Holy Land, which lasted from late winter 385 to late spring 386.

Discussion

A 'fig-mulberry' or 'sycamore-fig' located just outside of Jericho was believed to be the tree Zaccheus climbed (Lk. 19:4). By 570 it was enclosed by a chapel.

Bibliography

Edition: Hilberg, I., Hieronymus, Epistulae 71-120 (Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum 55; Vienna, 1996). Translation and commentary: Cain, A., Jerome's Epitaph on Paula: A Commentary on the Epitaphium Sanctae Paulae (Oxford, 2013).

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Keywords

S02481 History

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