E06362: The decrees of a synod held by Pope Gregory the Great in 595 in St Peter’s basilica, Rome, are subscribed by presbyters from many of the city's titular churches, all dedicated to saints (Register 5.57a). Written in Latin in Rome.
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posted on 2018-09-11, 00:00authored byBryan, dlambert, robert
Pope Gregory the Great, Register of Letters 5.57a
The decrees are subscribed first by a long list of bishops, and then by presbyters from the titular churches of Rome, each identified by his church. In the translation below, the saint's name of each titulus church is written in bold the first time, and only the first time, it appears in the subscription.
SUBSCRIPTIONES PRESBYTERORUM. Laurentius presbyter tituli sancti Silvestri. Iohannes presbyter tituli sancti Vitalis. Speciosus presbyter tituli sancti Clementis. Deusdedit presbyter tituli sanctae Praxedis. Deusdedit presbyter tituli sanctorum Iohannis et Pauli. Andromacus presbyter tituli sanctorum Apostolorum. Crescens presbyter tituli sancti Laurentii. Rusticus presbyter tituli sanctae Susannae. Vibolus presbyter tituli sancti Marcelli. Petrus presbyter tituli sancti Iulii et Calisti. Expectatus presbyter tituli sancti Vitalis. Stephanus presbyter tituli sancti Marci. Felix presbyter tituli sancti Sixti. Petrus presbyter tituli sanctae Balbinae. Iustus presbyter tituli sanctorum Nerei et Achillei. Speciosus presbyter tituli sancti Damasi. Maurus presbyter tituli sanctae Priscae. Placitus presbyter tituli sanctae Savinae. Victor presbyter tituli sanctae Caeciliae. Iohannes presbyter tituli sancti Chrysogoni. Aventius presbyter tituli sanctae Praxedis. Andreas presbyter tituli sancti Marcelli. Iohannes presbyter tituli sanctorum Iohannis et Pauli. Agapitus presbyter tituli Apostolorum. Felix presbyter tituli sanctae Savinae. Donus presbyter tituli sancti Eusebii. Bassus presbyter tituli sancti Pudentis. Iohannes presbyter tituli sancti Silvestri. Albinus presbyter tituli sanctorum Marcellini et Petri. Antoninus presbyter tituli sanctae Balbinae. Candidus presbyter tituli sancti Clementis. Romanus presbyter tituli sancti Marcelli. Leo presbyter tituli sancti Damasi. Aventinus presbyter tituli sancti Quiriaci. Fortunatus presbyter tituli sanctorum quattuor Coronatorum.
‘The signatures of the presbyters. Laurentius, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Sylvester; Iohannes, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Vitalis; Speciosus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Clemens; Deusdedit, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Praxedis; Deusdedit, presbyter of the titulus of Saints Iohannes and Paulus; Andromachus, presbyter of the titulus of the Holy Apostles; Crescens, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Laurence; Rusticus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Susanna; Viboplus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Marcellus; Petrus, presbyter of the titulus of Saints Iulius and Calistus; Expectatus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Vitalis; Stephanus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Marcus; Felix, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Sixtus; Petrus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Balbina; Iustus, presbyter of the titulus of Saints Nereus and Achilleus; Speciosus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Damasus; Maurus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Prisca; Placidus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Sabina; Victor, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Caecilia; Iohannes, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Chrysogonus; Aventius, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Praxedis; Andreas, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Marcellus; Iohannes, presbyter of the titulus of Saints Iohannes and Paulus; Agapitus, presbyter of the titulus of the Apostles; Felix, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Sabina; Donus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Eusebius; Bassus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Pudens; Iohannes, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Sylvester; Albinus, presbyter of the titulus of Saints Marcellinus and Petrus; Antoninus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Balbina; Candidus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Clement; Romanus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Marcellus; Leo, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Damasus; Aventinus, presbyter of the titulus of Saint Quiriacus; Fortunatus, presbyter of the titulus of the Four Crowned Martyrs.'
Text: Ewald and Hartmann, vol. I, 366-7.
History
Evidence ID
E06362
Saint Name
Cyriacus, Smaragdus, Largus and their companions, martyrs of Rome : S00678
Marcellus, bishop and martyr of Rome : S00529
Clement/Clemens, bishop and martyr of Rome : S00111
Balbina, virgin and martyr of Rome : S01849
Marcellinus and Peter, priest
Saint Name in Source
Quiriacus
Marcellus
Clemens
Balibina
Marcellinus, Petrus
Silvester
Praxedis
Iohannes, Paulus
Apostoli
Laurentius
Susanna
Calistus/Calestus/Caelestus
Marcus
Nereus et Achilleus
Damasus
Prisca
Sabina
Chrysogonus
Vitalis
Iulius
Six
Type of Evidence
Literary - Letters
Language
Latin
Evidence not before
595
Evidence not after
595
Activity not before
595
Activity not after
595
Place of Evidence - Region
Rome and region
Place of Evidence - City, village, etc
Rome
Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)
Rome
Rome
Rome
Roma
Ῥώμη
Rhōmē
Major author/Major anonymous work
Gregory the Great (pope)
Cult activities - Places
Cult building - independent (church)
Cult activities - Places Named after Saint
Church
Cult Activities - Protagonists in Cult and Narratives
Ecclesiastics - lesser clergy
Discussion
Some of these dedications replaced older names of the tituli, most of which were probably originally named after their founders (for a list of tituli in AD 499, most still bearing their original names: E02744).
The churches of our 595 list all still exist (although not necessarily in their original buildings). They are currently known as San Silvestro, San Vitale, Santa Prassede, Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Santi Apostoli, San Lorenzo in Lucina, Santa Susanna, San Marcello al Corso, Santa Maria in Trastevere (which is probably the titulus sancti Iulii et Calisti), San Marco al Campidoglio, San Sisto Vecchio, Santa Balbina, Santi Nereo e Achilleo, San Lorenzo in Damaso, Santa Sabina, Santa Cecilia, San Crisogono, Sant'Eusebio, Santa Pudenziana, Santi Marcellino e Pietro, San Quirico, and Santi Quattro Coronati.
Bibliography
Edition:
Ewald, P., and Hartmann, L., Gregorii I papae registrium epistolarum, 2 vols. (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Epistolae 1-2; Berlin, 1881-99).
English translation:
Martyn, J.R.C., The Letters of Gregory the Great, 3 vols. (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2004).
Further Reading:
Neil, B., and Dal Santo, M. (eds.), A Companion to Gregory the Great (Leiden: Brill, 2013).