E02254: The Latin epitaph of *Martin of Braga (bishop of Braga, ob. c. 580, S01176) describes *Martin of Tours (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397; S00050) as his patron; written in Braga (north-west Spain), after 580.
online resource
posted on 2017-01-16, 00:00authored bydlambert
(Ps.-?)Martin of Braga, Epitaph
EPITAPHIUM EIUSDEM
Pannoniis genitus, transcendens aequora vasta, Galliciae in gremium divinis nutibus actus, Confessor Martine, tua hac dicatus in aula, Antistes cultum institui ritumque sacrorum, Teque, patrone, sequens famulus Martinus eodem Nomine, non merito, hic in Christi pace quiesco.
'HIS EPITAPH
Born in Pannonia, crossing vast plains, and brought to the lap of Galicia by the command of God, I was consecrated in this hall of yours, o confessor Martin; as a high-priest I organised the cult and the rite of the sacred. I, Martin, of the same name but not of the same merit, following you, my patron, as a servant, rest here in the peace of Christ.'
Text: Barlow 1950, 283. Translation: M. Szada.
History
Evidence ID
E02254
Saint Name
Martin, ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397 : S00050
Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)
Braga
Osset
Osset
Osen (castrum)
Osser castrum
Major author/Major anonymous work
Martin of Braga
Cult activities - Places
Cult building - independent (church)
Cult activities - Non Liturgical Practices and Customs
Saint as patron - of an individual
Cult Activities - Protagonists in Cult and Narratives
Ecclesiastics - bishops
Source
This epitaph was presumably inscribed on the tomb of Martin of Braga. It was supposedly written by Martin himself (see e.g. Barlow 1950, 276-277), but Farmhouse Alberto 1994 convincingly demonstrated that the poem differs significantly from the language and poetic expression known from the other works of Martin. The author was probably someone less experienced in literary expression and metrics.
Gregory of Tours (Histories 5.37; E02171) dates the death of Martin of Braga to AD 580.
Discussion
Like his namesake, Martin of Tours, Martin of Braga originated from Pannonia, on the upper Danube, before travelling to the Holy Land and then making the long journey to Galicia in the far north-west of the Iberian peninsula. He founded the monastery in Dumio where he became a bishop around 550-560. After 561 and before 572 he became the bishop of Braga. In this epitaph, Martin of Braga's devotion to Martin of Tours is explicitly explained by their sharing a name in common and having a common region of origin.
Bibliography
Editions:
C. Barlow, Martini episcopi Bracarensis opera omnia (New Haven 1950).
J. Vives, Inscripciones cristianas de la España romana y visigoda (Barcelona 1942), no. 349.
Further reading:
P. Farmhouse Alberto, "Para uma revalorizaçao dos poemas de Martinho de Braga", Evphrosyne: Revista de filología clássica 22 (1994), 215-223.