University of Oxford
Browse

E01485: A bronze medallion with a Greek inscription mentioning a hospice for pilgrims, named after *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023). Found in Rusafa-Sergioupolis (northeast Syria/Euphratesia). Probably late antique.

online resource
posted on 2016-06-07, 00:00 authored by pnowakowski
A bronze medallion, found in Rusafa, at the site of Basilica B (see: E01462) (diameter 2.8 cm; 4 cm with extensions; Th. c. 0.1 cm). First published by Johannes Kollwitz in 1963, who identified it as the lid of an enkolpion (a small casket, often housing a relic, worn round the neck and resting on the chest). The object was independently published by Hermann Harrauer in 1992, who was unaware of Kollwitz's publication (see also the comments by Denis Feissel and Pierre-Louis Gatier in Bulletin épigraphique (1993), 617).

The medallion bears the following inscription:

Α + Ω
τοῦ ἐκκλ(ησιαστικοῦ)
ξένωνος
τοῦ ἁγίου
Σεργίου

3. ξένωνος Feissel and Gatier, Ζένωνος Harrauer Kollwitz || 2. ἐκκλ(ησιάρχου?) Diethart

'Α + Ω. Of the eccl(esiastical) hospice of Saint Sergios'

Text: BE (1963), 617.

History

Evidence ID

E01485

Saint Name

Sergios, martyr in Syria, ob. 303-311 : S00023

Type of Evidence

Inscriptions - Inscribed objects Images and objects - Lamps, ampullae and tokens Images and objects - Rings and seals

Language

  • Greek

Evidence not before

400

Evidence not after

700

Activity not before

400

Activity not after

700

Place of Evidence - Region

Syria with Phoenicia

Place of Evidence - City, village, etc

Resapha-Sergiopolis

Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)

Resapha-Sergiopolis Thabbora Thabbora

Cult activities - Places

Cult building - secondary installation (fountain, pilgrims’ hostel)

Cult activities - Places Named after Saint

  • Hospital and other charitable institutions

Cult activities - Non Liturgical Practices and Customs

Pilgrimage

Cult Activities - Relics

Ampullae, eulogiai, tokens Making contact relics

Cult Activities - Cult Related Objects

Ampullae, flasks, etc. Other

Discussion

Both Kollwitz and Harrauer read the inscription differently, as: τοῦ ἐκκλ(ησιαστικοῦ) Ζένωνος τοῦ ἁγίου Σεργίου / 'of Zenon, the ecclesiastic (= ein Kirchenleiter as suggested by Harrauer) (of the church of) Saint Sergios'. However, Feissel and Gatier rightly point out that this reading is implausible. It is almost certain that a xenon: a hospice for pilgrims visiting the shrine of Sergios in Rusafa (see: E01460), is referred to here. The function of the object is unclear. Elizabeth Key Fowden names the object an enkolpion. Harrauer dated the object to the to the 11th c., but Feissel and Gatier place it in the pre-Islamic period.

Bibliography

Edition: Harrauer, H., "Katalog des ausgestellten Objekte, no. 92: Medallion", [in:] E.M. Ruprechtsberger (ed.), Syrien von den Aposteln zu den Kalifen [Ausstellung Stadtmuseum Linz-Nordico, 3. Dezember 1993 bis 4. April 1994; Schloss Schallaburg, 30. April 1994 bis 30. Oktober 1994; Bergbaumuseum Klagenfurt, 2. Dezember 1994 bis 1. April 1995] (Linzer Archäologische Forschungen 21, Linz: Stadtmuseum Linz-Nordico, 1993), 445. Harrauer, H., “ΣΟΥΒΡΟΜ, Abrasax, Jahwe u.a. aus Syrien”, Tyche 7 (1992), 43, no. 5. Kollwitz, J., “Die Grabungen in Resafa Frühjahr 1959 und Herbst 1961”, Archäologischer Anzeiger (1963), col. 358, fig. 20. Further reading: Key Fowden, E., The Barbarian Plain: St. Sergius between Rome and Iran (Berkeley, Calif.; London: University of California Press, 1999), 94-95. Reference works: Bulletin épigraphique (1993), 617 (improved reading by D. Feissel and P.-L. Gatier). Chroniques d'épigraphie byzantine, 576 (improved reading by D. Feissel and P.-L. Gatier). Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum 42, 1364.

Usage metrics

    Evidence -  The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity

    Licence

    Exports

    RefWorks
    BibTeX
    Ref. manager
    Endnote
    DataCite
    NLM
    DC