E01217: After the news of the abolition of the chrysargyron tax by emperor Anastasius reaches Edessa (Mesopotamia) in the year 498, its citizens in thanks process to the martyrium church of *Sergios (soldier and martyr of Rusafa, S00023) and *Symeon the Elder (stylite of Qal‘at Sim‘ān, ob. 459, S00343), located outside of the city, where a solemn Eucharist is performed. Record in the Syriac Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite (6th c.).
'The edict of the emperor Anastasius arrived this year, remitting the gold which tradesmen paid every four years and freeing them from the tax. This edict did not go only to Edessa, but to all cities of the Roman domain. The Edessenes’ four-year payment had been one hundred and forty pounds of gold, and the whole city rejoiced (at its remission). They all dressed up in white, from the greatest to the least, and carrying lighted candles and burning censers, to the accompaniment of psalms and hymns, they went out to the martyrion of Mar Sergios and Mar Simon, thanking God and praising the emperor. There they held a eucharist, and on coming back into the city they extended the feast of joy and pleasure for a whole week, and decreed that they would celebrate this feast every year. All the tradesmen sat around and had a good time, [bathing and] relaxing in the courtyard of the (City) Church and all the city’s colonnades.'
Ed. Chabot 1927-1949, v. 1, pp. 257-258; trans. Trombley and Watt 2000, p. 30.
History
Evidence ID
E01217
Saint Name
Sergios, martyr in Syria, ob. 303-311 : S00023
Symeon the Elder, stylite of Qalat Siman, ob. 459 : S00343
Cult Activities - Protagonists in Cult and Narratives
Merchants and artisans
Crowds
Source
The Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite is a historiographical work that deals for the most part with the events in the city of Edessa and the neighbouring region during the period 494-506. It is an original Syriac composition, most likely produced not long after the year 506 by a Syriac-speaking citizen of Edessa. In its present form, it is preserved as a part of a larger historiographic work, the Chronicle of Zuqnin (known also as the Chronicle of Pseudo-Dionysius of Tel-Mahre), an 8th c. West-Syrian composition.
Syriac text: Martin 1876, 1-82; Wright 1882, 1-92; Chabot 1927-1933, v. 1, 235-317; English translation: Wright 1882, 1-84; Trombley and Watt 2000; French translation: Martin 1876, ix-lxxxvi; German translation: Luther 1997. For general information, see Trombley and Watt 2000, xi-lv; Luther 1997, 1-32; Watt 1999.
Discussion
The Chronicle reports that when the emperor Anastasius (r. 491-518) abolished the chrysargyron tax in the year 498, the citizens of Edessa celebrated by making a procession to the martyrium church dedicated to Sergios and Symeon the Stylite, where a solemn eucharist liturgy was performed. This church, located outside the eastern gate of the city (for its possible location, see Segal 1970, Plan I), was built during the episcopate of Hiba (435-457) and originally dedicated to Sergios; see E01231. Simeon was added to its dedication at some point between the death of the stylite in 459 and 498, since this is the first attestation of the joint dedication (see Fowden 1999, 119). The chronicler may have been an eyewitness of the events described: there is no reason to doubt this information.
Bibliography
Main editions and translations:
Chabot, J.B., Incerti auctoris Chronicon Pseudo-Dionysianum vulgo dictum. 2 vols (CSCO 91, 104, Syr. III.1-2 [43, 53]; Paris: Typographeo Reipublicae, 1927, 1933).
English translation:
Trombley, F.R., and Watt, J.W., The Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite (Translated Texts for Historians 32; Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2000).
Others editions and translations:
Luther, A., Die syrische Chronik des Josua Stylites (Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 49; Berlin / New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1997).
Martin, J.-P.P., Chronique de Josué le Stylite écrite vers l’an 515 (Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 6.1; Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, 1876).
Wright, W., The Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite Composed in Syriac A.D. 507 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1882).
Further reading:
Fowden, E.K., The Barbarian Plain: Saint Sergius between Rome and Iran (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999).
Segal, J.B., Edessa, ‘The Blessed City’ (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970).
Watt, J.W., “Greek Historiography and the “Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite”,” in: G.J. Reinink and A.C. Klugkist (eds.), After Bardaisan: Studies on Continuity and Change in Syriac Christianity in Honour of Professor Han J.W. Drijvers (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 89; Louvain: Peeters, 1999), 317-327.