University of Oxford
Browse

File(s) not publicly available

E01097: The Liber Pontificalis, written in Latin in Rome in the 530s, and re-edited before 546, in its account of *Eleuther (bishop of Rome, S00673), states that he was buried in Rome close to the body of *Peter (the Apostle, S00036) on 24 May [AD 185].

online resource
posted on 2016-01-30, 00:00 authored by robert
Liber Pontificalis 14

First edition (as reconstructed by Duchesne)

Eleuther, natione Grecus, ex patre Abundio, de oppido Nicopoli. Sedit ann. XV m. III d. II. Fuit [autem] temporibus Antonini et Commodi usque Paterno et Bradua... Qui [etiam] sepultus est iuxta corpus beati Petri, in Vaticano, VIIII kal. iun.

'Eleuther, born in Greece, son of Abundius, from the town of Nicopolis, held the see 15 years 3 months 2 days. He was bishop in the time of Antoninus and Commodus to the [consulship] of Paternus [Maternus] and Bradua [AD 185]. He was buried close to the body of the blessed Peter on the Vatican, on the 9th day before the Kalends of June [24 May].'



Second edition

Eleuther, natione Grecus, ex patre Habundio, de oppido Nicopoli. Sedit ann. XV m. III d. II. Fuit autem temporibus Antonini et Commodi usque Paterno et Bradua... Qui etiam sepultus est iuxta corpus beati Petri, in Vaticano, VIIII kal. iun.

'Eleuther, born in Greece, son of Abundius, from the town of Nicopolis, held the see 15 years 3 months 2 days. He was bishop in the time of Antoninus and Commodus to the [consulship] of Paternus [Maternus] and Bradua [AD 185]. He was buried close to the body of the blessed Peter on the Vatican, on the 9th day before the Kalends of June [24 May].'


Text: Duchesne 1886, 59/61 and 136. Translation: Davis 2010, 5-6, lightly modified.

History

Evidence ID

E01097

Saint Name

Eleuther, bishop of Rome, ob. c. 180 : S00673

Saint Name in Source

Eleuther

Type of Evidence

Literary - Other narrative texts (including Histories)

Language

  • Latin

Evidence not before

530

Evidence not after

546

Activity not before

175

Activity not after

185

Place of Evidence - Region

Rome and region

Place of Evidence - City, village, etc

Rome

Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)

Rome Rome Rome Roma Ῥώμη Rhōmē

Major author/Major anonymous work

Liber Pontificalis

Cult activities - Festivals

  • Saint’s feast

Cult activities - Places

Burial site of a saint - tomb/grave

Source

The Liber Pontificalis consists of a series of very short lives of popes. The preface attributes it to pope Damasus (366-384), but this attribution is obviously false. According to Louis Duchesne, the first modern editor of the Liber Pontificalis, the original series of lives was written in Rome by an anonymous author, probably a member of the lesser clergy, in the 530s, and contained the lives from *Peter the Apostle to Felix IV (ob. 530). Shortly after, before 546, the text was re-edited by another anonymous author and only this edition survives. The first edition, however, can be reconstituted on the basis of its two epitomes (and the second edition). The second edition started to be continued systematically from the time of pope Honorius (625–638). It should be noted that Theodor Mommsen dated both editions of the Liber Pontificalis to the 7th century, but his opinion is widely rejected and the commonly accepted dating is that of Duchesne. For the pre-Constantinian period (before 312), the credibility of the Liber Pontificalis is very low. The chronology is confused, and details concerning the personal lives, decisions and ordinations of the bishops of Rome at best reflect what people in the 6th century trusted to be true, at worst are a pure invention of the author. The situation changes with the later lives. Already the information of 4th-century papal foundations and offerings are generally trustworthy. The early 6th-century evidence, based on the author's first hand knowledge is even better, though still imperfect.

Discussion

For the claim by the author of the Liber Pontificalis that almost all the early bishops of Rome were buried at the Vatican close to St Peter, see E00265.

Bibliography

Edition: Duchesne, L., Le Liber pontificalis. 2 vols (Paris: E. Thorin, 1886-1892). (With substantial introduction and commentary). Translation: Davis, R., The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis) (Translated Texts for Historians 6; 3rd ed.; Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2010).

Usage metrics

    Evidence -  The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity

    Licence

    Exports

    RefWorks
    BibTeX
    Ref. manager
    Endnote
    DataCite
    NLM
    DC