E00818: Basil of Caesarea, in his Letter 100 of 372, invites Eusebios, bishop of Samosata, to attend the festival of *Eupsychios (martyr of Kaisareia, S00470) in Kaisareia/Caesarea of Cappadocia (central Asia Minor), on 7 September. Basil hopes to hold an episcopal council during the festival, which will elect new bishops. Written in Greek at Kaisareia.
(…………) My body has failed me so completely that I am unable to make even the slightest movement without pain. However, I pray that now, at any rate, my old desire can be fulfilled through the assistance of your prayers; although it is true that this absence abroad has caused me great difficulties, since the affairs of our own church have been neglected for so long a time. Yet if God, while we are still on earth, will deem us worthy to see your Piety in our church, we shall have truly bright hopes for the future also, that we shall not be wholly excluded from the gifts of God. This, then, if it be possible, we beg you to take place during the festival we celebrate every year on the seventh of September in memory of the blessed Eupsychios, an event which is now approaching. Moreover, we are encompassed by matters worthy of serious attention which stand in need of your assistance, namely, the question of appointing bishops, and the matter of investigating and deliberating about the actions meditated against us by Gregory of Nyssa in his simplicity, who convenes assemblies according to Ancyra, and misses no way to plot against us.’
Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)
Kaisareia/Caesarea in Cappadocia
Nicomedia
Νικομήδεια
Nikomēdeia
Izmit
Πραίνετος
Prainetos
Nicomedia
Major author/Major anonymous work
Basil of Caesarea
Cult activities - Festivals
Saint’s feast
Cult activities - Activities Accompanying Cult
Meetings and gatherings of the clergy
Cult Activities - Protagonists in Cult and Narratives
Ecclesiastics - bishops
Source
Born around 330 to an aristocratic Christian family of Neokaisareia/Neocaesarea of Pontus Polemoniacus (Anatolia), Basil was educated in Kaisareia/Caesarea, Antioch, and Athens. After his studies, he spent time in the monasteries in Egypt, before returning to Pontus, where he organised an ascetic community on his family estate in Pontus. In the 360s, Basil was ordained in Kaisareia/Caesarea, and, on 14 June 370, he was consecrated bishop there. He died on 1 January 379. Basil was a prolific writer, composing homilies, theological, ascetical, and liturgical works. His 369 letters form a major corpus on ecclesiastical politics and the broader history of Anatolia and the Christian East.
On the manuscript tradition, editions and translations of this letter, see:
Fedwick, P.J., Bibliotheca Basiliana Universalis. 5 vols. Vol. I (Corpus Christianorum; Turnhout: Brepols, 1993), 422.
http://pinakes.irht.cnrs.fr/notices/oeuvre/5913/
Discussion
By this letter, Basil invites his fellow bishop and friend, Eusebios of Samosata to Kaisareia/Caesarea in order to attend the festival (σύνοδος/synodos) of the local martyr *Eupsychios on 7 September. From other letters of Basil (E00772; E00819), we know that bishops from all the diocese of Pontus were invited to attend, and thus the feast became the occasion for regular episcopal councils. Interestingly, Basil here mentions the agenda of the episcopal council, which included the election of new bishops and the discussion of ecclesiastical politics, like the initiatives of Basil’s own brother and fellow bishop, Gregory of Nyssa. Gregory apparently participated in meetings of bishops in communion with Marcellus of Ancyra, who were in conflict with Basil.
Bibliography
Text edition and French Translation:
Courtonne, Y., Saint Basile. Lettres. 3 vols (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1957-1966).
Text and English Translations:
Deferrari, R.J., Saint Basil, the Letters. 4 vols. Vol. 2 (Loeb Classical Library; Cambridge, MA/London: Harvard University Press, 1928).
Way, A.C., Saint Basil. Letters, Volume 1 (1‒185) (Fathers of the Church 13; Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1951).
Silvas, A.M., Gregory of Nyssa, The Letters: Introduction, Translation and Commentary (Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae 83; Leiden: Brill, 2007), 80-81.
Further Reading:
Courtonne, Y., Un témoin du IVe siècle oriental: saint Basile et son temps d'après sa correspondance (Collection d'études anciennes; Paris: Les Belles lettres, 1973), esp. 356-359.
Radde-Gallwitz, A., "The Letter Collection of Basil of Caesarea," in: C. Sogno, B.K. Storin, and E. Watts (eds.), Late Antique Letter Collections: A Critical Introduction and Reference Guide (Oakland: University of California Press, 2017), 69-80.
Rousseau, P., Basil of Caesarea (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994).