E00112: Terracotta moulds for the manufacture of lamps and flasks with Greek inscriptions naming *Onnophrios (Egyptian Anchorite, 4th c., S00055), *Stephen (the First Martyr, S00030), and *Theodore (presumably the soldier and martyr of Amaseia and Euchaita, S00480), from Elephantine, Upper Egypt. Probably 5th–7th c.
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posted on 2014-10-29, 00:00authored byBryan
1) On a stamped mould for a flask/ampulla with inscriptions in circular bands on the belly, from Elephantine, dated to the 5th–7th century, the following Greek inscription can be found (SEG 37.1632):
τοῦ ἁγ[ίου] Ὀ̣νόφριος 'of saint Onophrios'
2) Another stamped mould for a lamp shows the following inscription (SEG 37.1626):
τοῦ ἁγίου [Στ]έφανος 'of saint Stephen'
3) Another stamped mould for a lamp shows the following inscription (SEG 37.1625):
ὁ ἅγιος ἄπα Στέφανος 'saint Apa Stephen'
4) A fragmentary mould for a flask/ampulla reads in circular band on the belly (SEG 37.1631):
The moulds Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (SEG) 37.1624–1632 were found together with many others (SEG 37.1624–1632) in a room at the south part of the portico of the temple of Chnoum (Khnum), the Egyptian god and divine potter who created mankind out of clay. This area seems to have been used as a workshop beginning in the 5th century. All moulds are described as 'Coptic' Red Slip Ware terracotta moulds for ampullae and lamps with stamped inscriptions and decorations. A production centre of terracotta ware was situated in Elephantine, producing among other (religious) items also small cult objects for saints, such as Stephen, Theodoros, and Onnophrios.
Bibliography
Edition:
Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (SEG) 37 (1982),1624–1632.
Further reading:
Ballet, P., and Mahmoud, F., “Moules en terre cuite d’Éléphantine (Musée copte). Nouvelles données sur les ateliers de la région d’Assouan à l’époque byzantine et aux premiers temps de l’occupation arabe,” Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale 87 (1987), 53-72.
Loverdou-Tsigarida, K., “Ἐνεπίγραφοι κοπτικοὶ λύχνοι τοῦ Μουσείου Μπενάκη,” Δελτίον τῆς χριστιανικῆς ἀρχαιολογικῆς ἑταιρείας (1970-1972), 130-145.
Papaconstantinou, A., Le culte des saints en Égypte des Byzantins aux Abbassides (Paris: CNRS, 2001), 161-162.